Often, the symptoms get less severe as the pregnancy continues. Most cases of hyperemesis gravidarum affect a woman's first pregnancy. But women who have it in one pregnancy are more likely to have it in future pregnancies. But it might be related to the hormone changes of pregnancy. A hormone called human chorionic gonadotropin, or HCG, might be to blame because severe morning sickness most often happens when HCG levels are at their highest in a pregnant woman's body.
Severe morning sickness also might run in families. The nausea and vomiting that happen in severe morning sickness are so extreme that they can harm the mother and the baby. Not being able to keep down food makes it hard for the mom to meet her nutritional needs. So she might lose weight. And a loss of fluids, combined with the loss of stomach acid from vomiting, can cause dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Is your baby still growing and healthy? Does not having morning sickness mean anything about the health or sex of your baby?
Just keep reading on…. For a percentage of people, morning sickness is simply a pregnancy symptom they never experience. If you find yourself pregnant without any nausea, you may feel lucky, confused, or even worried. Many people experience morning sickness in the first 4 months of their pregnancy. Factors that contribute to the nausea include heightened hormones and lowered blood sugar. If you are pregnant with multiples or worn down from illness, stress, or traveling, you may experience morning sickness to a higher degree.
Nausea in pregnancy can range from light, infrequent experiences of nausea to extreme hyperemesis , with frequent vomiting which may require hospitalization for IV hydration and nourishment. A study from found that there may be a genetic component to experiencing hyperemesis. For better or worse, morning sickness can vary from pregnancy to pregnancy. This is based on the belief that hormone levels are higher when carrying a baby girl. The logic behind this is that higher hormone levels can cause increased nausea.
Thus, girl babies are rumored to come with days of intense morning sickness, and being pregnant with baby boys should be smooth sailing in comparison. However the science to support this theory is limited. One study from found that those carrying a female fetus or twins were more likely to experience nausea and vomiting during pregnancy than those carrying a single, male fetus.
A lack of morning sickness is not a symptom of miscarriage or a sign of increased risk. However, if morning sickness and other symptoms of pregnancy suddenly go away, this could be a sign of pregnancy loss. Several factors are believed to contribute to morning sickness, including the hormonal changes of pregnancy and genetics. While many pregnant people have morning sickness, there are also people who do not experience any nausea and have completely healthy pregnancies.
The possible causes of morning sickness symptoms that have been the most well-studied are biological factors such as levels of pregnancy-specific hormones beta hCG , estrogen, and progesterone and genetic influences.
During the first trimester of pregnancy when morning sickness symptoms tend to be worst , several major hormonal shifts take place. Pregnant people who have higher levels of hCG such as those carrying multiples or a female fetus often have worse symptoms of morning sickness.
For example, a study in Japan in found that pregnant people who were carrying a female fetus had more severe morning sickness than people carrying a male fetus. However, the link is not definitive, and several other studies have found no association between the severity and duration of morning sickness symptoms and hormone levels. Your genetics likely also plays a role in whether you'll experience morning sickness.
Research has shown that the tendency for nausea and vomiting during pregnancy seems to run in families. If you've experienced morning sickness, you might wonder if there is a reason for all the discomfort. While the exact purpose of morning sickness is unknown, there are several proposed theories.
For example, it's been suggested that nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy could be an evolutionary "trick" to ensure a pregnant person is paying enough attention to their diet and nutrition. Another theory is that vomiting, in particular, might be a safeguard against toxic substances that could harm a pregnant person or fetus. As mentioned previously, your diet might be a protective factor.
If you are pregnant and do not have any symptoms of morning sickness, consider whether what you eat could partially explain your lack of symptoms. If you have morning sickness, you might find that making some changes to your diet can help ease or prevent symptoms. Dietary changes you might want to try include:. If your morning sickness is severe or gets worse and you are losing weight, your provider might give you a prescription anti-nausea medication such as Zofran ondansetron or Unisom doxylamine succinate.
They might also recommend that you try a newer anti-nausea drug Diclegis and Bonjesta that is combined with vitamin B6 and doxylamine succinate. Morning sickness is more common than not, but if you don't develop the symptoms, it does not necessarily mean you need to be concerned.
It's not a definitive sign that something is wrong with your pregnancy. A bigger concern related to morning sickness is at the other end of the spectrum—severe symptoms.
While it's not common, hyperemesis gravidarum can make you very sick and requires treatment and careful monitoring. Not having morning sickness is not necessarily a sign of miscarriage. However, there are signs and symptoms that could indicate pregnancy loss is impending or has already happened.
While you do not want to become overly concerned about a possible miscarriage, it's important that you know the signs or symptoms. Miscarriage signs and symptoms can include:. If you experience any signs or symptoms of a miscarriage, call your provider right away or go to the nearest emergency room.
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