This is why many of them immigrated to England and the bigger cities where there were the most factories. For example, in Liverpool and Manchester, roughly 25 to 33 percent of the workers there were Irish. As you can probably tell from this painting on the left, many families were divided and sometimes forced to move apart due to famines, diseases, poverty and poor living conditions.
Other times they just could not provide for their families anymore so the promise of labor in bigger cities was very appealing. In other instances, they had to take care of someone who was sick or who physically was not able to leave, perhaps a grandparent. Another factor was that many did not want to risk losing their young children and other elderly relatives on the journey over because that was a long and dangerous plight in itself.
This sometimes made it difficult for people to leave and make the transition of living in a new country since they were leaving loved ones behind and because they would probably never see them again. Certain factories or mills in the different regions mentioned before provided medical assistance, food, and education for their workers and their families which is why many of them chose to go there. Cornwall and South Wales are a couple examples where this occurred.
Some other companies provided libraries and playgrounds for their workers and their families, along with other amenities such as cooking and washing facilities and heating. Many of these families chose to stay and build a life there.
Their behavior was constantly being regulated and sometimes when people were caught fighting or causing mischief they would be dismissed and never taken on again, forcing them to starve or emigrate somewhere else.
This tended to happen to the Welsh more than other groups because some of the men would drink on occasion, more-so during strikes and riots, and this hindered their abilities to work and do a good job, but drinking was a part of their social life and culture.
How do you think families of different nationalities were affected by the Industrial Revolution? There were many different struggles that families had to go through in the Industrial Revolution. Each variable impacting their life in sometimes unforeseen ways. All of which made major differences in their quality of life. This time period, although rough at times, allowed for a major change in how human society maintained itself in such a relatively short amount of time.
After reflecting on what you have learned, what do you think families struggled with the most during the Industrial Revolution? Working conditions were harsh, filthy and dangerous. The cities were overcrowded as families seeking jobs swarmed into the cities. Those able to take advantage of the better jobs or business owners were able to enjoy comfort, privilege and leisure in many ways. However, the uneducated with limited skills remained stuck at the bottom of the economic pile.
People moved to cities to work in their factory jobs. People moving to cities in mass did have significant effects, such as overcrowding, pollution, and disease.
As more and more people moved to the cities, poor, working class families lived in overcrowded apartments sometimes called tenements and experienced unclean water supplies along with a lack of proper sewage disposal. Consequently, this caused diseases to infect many poor families. On the other hand, many wealthier families that did not live in tenements experienced cleaner and safer living conditions and more opportunities for leisure.
Along with issues regarding poverty, crime, public health, and housing shortages, urbanization increased pollution and the destruction of the environment to a great extent. Air pollution was caused by continual coal burning, and this only increases from the s into the modern age. The reliance on coal burning for energy, particularly electricity, negatively impacts the environment as well as all those that require oxygen to breathe.
Water pollution spreads even more diseases, such as cholera and typhoid. Both of those diseases become associated with poverty. In fact, the burning of fossil fuels increased at record rates, and this increases CO2 emissions. This will have devastating effects on the environment into the 20th and 21st centuries, but it will cause some action in that time, post, to alleviate the reliance on fossil fuels.
I guess all these things inequality, pollution, housing shortages, etc. Was this guide helpful? Labor battles in the Gilded Age.
Immigration and migration in the Gilded Age. Continuity and change in the Gilded Age. Practice: The Gilded Age. Next lesson.
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